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Pay attention to fever! A, norovirus high incidence, and what is the difference between COVID-19?

release time:2023-03-04|reading:

  Recently, swine flu has entered a high incidence period, and schools in many places have been suspended due to students suffering from swine flu. The China National Influenza Center released the China Influenza Monitoring Weekly Report for the 7th week of 2023. which showed that the recent outbreak of influenza A was the most fierce. Previously, the disease control departments in many places reminded that the acute infectious diarrhea caused by Norovirus has entered the peak period!

  The doctor said that the recent fever and weakness may be caused by "H1N1". You can go to the hospital for nucleic acid detection, which can also detect the H1N1 virus. If diarrhea occurs, we should focus on the possibility of Norovirus infection.

  A flow, norovirus, COVID-19. symptoms have fever, how to distinguish? How to prevent it?

  influenza A

  It is seasonal and highly infectious every year.

  Symptoms: fever, sore muscles and headache, as well as some mild respiratory symptoms, such as cough, runny nose, sore throat, etc.

  Incubation period: 1~3 days, 1~7 days after the onset of the disease are infectious, and 2~3 days at the beginning of the disease are the most infectious.

  Route of transmission: mainly by air droplets, but also indirectly by articles contaminated by viruses.

  Note: In case of persistent high fever, shortness of breath, and aggravation of basic diseases, you should go to the hospital in time. In the early stage, especially within 48 hours of the onset, the use of anti-influenza drugs can significantly reduce the incidence of severe influenza and death.

  Norovirus

  One of the common pathogens causing acute gastroenteritis is characterized by low infection dose, long detoxification time and strong resistance to external environment.

  Symptoms: nausea, vomiting, fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea. Some patients have headache, chills and muscle soreness. Children mainly vomit, while adults have diarrhea, and the stool is watery stool or watery stool.

  Latency: 12-72 hours, usually 24-48 hours.

  Route of transmission: infection through ingestion of food or water contaminated by feces or vomitus, contact with patient feces or vomitus, aerosol generated by inhalation of vomitus, and indirect contact with contaminated articles and environment.

  Note: Norovirus gastroenteritis is generally an acute onset and a self-limited disease. Most patients can recover 2 to 3 days after the onset. However, for infants and the elderly, especially those with basic diseases, norovirus gastroenteritis can cause serious symptoms such as dehydration.

  The difference between influenza A and common cold

  First of all, the most important thing is to judge the epidemiological history. If you have been exposed to patients with influenza A, or many people around you have fever, cough, sore throat and other similar symptoms, it may be influenza A. The symptoms of influenza are usually systemic symptoms. In addition to fever, cough, sore throat, nasal congestion and runny nose, it is often accompanied by headache, fatigue, muscle and joint pain and other symptoms.

  In addition, most influenza patients have high fever, which usually reaches above 38.5 ℃, while common cold patients have low fever.

  Difference between A and COVID-19

  The symptoms of H1N1 and COVID-19 in the upper respiratory tract are similar. The effective period of antibodies produced after infection with influenza A is generally half a year.

  General muscle soreness

  The typical symptoms of swine flu are fever and muscle pain in the whole body, which generally do not occur in mild and asymptomatic patients infected with COVID-19.

  Abnormal taste and smell

  COVID-19 may also bring about abnormal taste and smell. Some COVID-19 patients may have symptoms of vomiting, diarrhea and conjunctivitis, which are relatively rare in swine flu infection.

  Pulmonary disease

  Clinically, non severe COVID-19 patients have more pneumonia than COVID-19 patients. For the elderly and high-risk groups with basic diseases, there are fewer severe cases of lung disease after infection with A flow than Xinguan patients.

  The difference between norovirus, influenza A and COVID-19

  After infection with norovirus, the common clinical manifestations are vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain, while fever is relatively mild.

  vomit

  For children, vomiting is the most prominent symptom, which is manifested by acute vomiting, which can be vomited three or five times a day, even more than ten times.

  diarrhea

  The majority of adults are diarrhoea, which can cause watery stool. There are no obvious white blood cells and red blood cells in the stool routine test. Experts said that at present, there is no specific antiviral drug and vaccine for norovirus, and the main treatment after infection is to alleviate symptoms and support treatment; Non-drug preventive measures are more important for prevention and control.

  Antibodies produced after norovirus infection have no obvious protective effect and are prone to repeated infection. Therefore, we should develop good hygiene habits and prevent diseases from entering the mouth.

  The probability of superimposition of A current and COVID-19 is low

  As for the superposition of A flow and COVID-19. Wang Baozeng, director of the Infection Department of Beijing Tiantan Hospital affiliated to Capital Medical University, said that the probability of this kind of situation is very small, and even if it occurs, it is rare for non high-risk groups to have serious diseases. Wang Baozeng said, "However, it is recommended that the groups not infected with COVID-19 continue to do a good job of protection."

  Oseltamivir is not a "magic drug"

  Recently, many H1N1 patients snapped up oseltamivir in pharmacies, and some pharmacies have been out of stock.

  Li Dong, the chief physician of the infection comprehensive department of Beijing You'an Hospital, said that oseltamivir and other neuraminidase inhibitors are the prevention and treatment drugs for influenza A, which can significantly reduce the incidence of severe influenza and death if taken within 48 hours after the onset of the disease. "However, such antiviral drugs as oseltamivir are prescription drugs, which should be used under the guidance of doctors and should not be taken by themselves."

  


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