Several common orthopaedic "malformations" in neonates

      When a new life comes to the ground, the intrauterine posture should last for a while, such as calf bending, foot varus or valgus, head and neck slightly tilted, spine flexion and so on. Most of these phenomena will slowly improve and return to normal, without special treatment. These phenomena are called "postural deformation". However, some "anomalies" belong to congenital malformations, that is, they are structurally abnormal. These anomalies should be noticed by parents:

　　Backbone protrusion is more obvious when the baby leans forward because the baby's body is soft. Don't worry. Sometimes the back of a baby seems to bend due to its movements. In fact, most of them are normal.

　　The trigger finger or thumb adduction newborn's finger is tight at birth, and will slowly loosen over time. At this time, some parents will notice the child's thumb bending or adduction. The fingers may also straighten when you knead or pull them hard. It is better to show this phenomenon to the doctor. You should exercise your fingers more, wear a corrective hand stand, and a small number of them must receive surgical treatment.

　　Abnormal sternum The sternum is especially prominent at the upper left and right sides of the abdomen. It seems that there is something pushing it out. This is due to the uneven development of cartilage, which is not a big problem. Mild chicken breasts or pectus excavatum do not hinder the development of the body and do not need to be treated. In severe cases, it is necessary to observe that after two years of age, surgical correction is necessary.

　　The skewed neck is caused by intra fetal compression, and no treatment is needed. However, if there is a mass in the neck muscle, it is better to have physical therapy, and continue to observe whether it will evolve into a real muscular torticollis. If so, you need to receive surgical treatment from 6 months to about one year old.

　　The phenomenon of dislocation of hip joint is quite obvious in children with congenital dislocation of hip joint, but it may also occur in normal newborns, so it is unnecessary to be overly nervous. For children with dislocation, there are still other phenomena such as rough noise in the hips, short legs, etc. If necessary, you can ask a pediatric orthopedic surgeon to check. If there is dislocation, the above phenomena will become more obvious. When learning to stand, it is more unstable and easy to fall.

　　After birth, if one of the limbs of the child with birth injury does not move much, check whether there is clavicle fracture or brachial plexus injury.

　　Horseshoe foot is the same principle as lower leg bending. The foot may be in the position of turning inward or outward in the uterus. If the compression is severe, it looks very scary at birth. It is different from pathological deformed foot. The person who causes the compression can straighten the foot with a little effort. This "deformation" can slowly return to normal within a few months after birth, without any sequelae. On the contrary, the real deformed foot may need plaster correction, or even surgical treatment.

　　Rickets, O-shaped legs or X-shaped legs are the most common physiological phenomena of newborns, which will be more obvious when learning to stand or walk. Some parents make their own decisions. When they sleep at night, they tie their legs together with cloth strips in the hope that they can correct it. It is really unnecessary. The above situation will gradually improve after the age of two. Unless the "O" leg is particularly serious or the legs are asymmetrical, X-ray or blood drawing is required to find out if there is rickets for further treatment. When children learn to stand, their feet turn outward (outward splay), which is normal.

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